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ARCHITECTURE 1121

Requirements

Model Pieces- Pieces must be accurately and soundly constructed. Cuts should be straight and precise. Edges should not be distracting
- 1-sphere approximately 3" diameter
- 1-cone, 3" diameter x 6" height
- 1-3" cube
- 1-4 sided pyramid, 3" base x 3" altitude (vertical dimension taken perpendicular to base)
- 1-disk, 6" diameter x 1" height
- 1-column, 1" diameter x 6" height
- 1-tower, 2" square x 12" height
Model Materials Use each of the materials at least once, all must be white

Bristol Board
Museum Board
Foam Core

Model Pieces Case

Must hold all 7 pieces securely. They should not move when held in any normal position
Must have a handle
Must be able to be opened and closed repeatedly
Think outside the box, literally, what form(s) is most suitable for carrying your pieces. How can it be easily fabricated?
May use any materail

Still Life Composition

One of each type of object
Minimum 12 objects
Maximum 15 objects
Fit within 24"x18"x18" volume

Drawings

3 contour drawings
- 1 contour with tome outlines, do not actually fill in tonal values
- 1 white tones on black paper
- 1 ink with tonal values
1-Plan
- Cut through most descriptive plane
2 Elevations
- Surfaces at 90 degrees to each other
1 Vertical Section
- Cut through most descriptive plane
1 Plan Oblique with shadows
- choose a view that will fully describe the object

Orthographic Conventions (these are standard and are the same as teh first assignment)

Planes that are cut through are drawn as solid, black lines
Edges that are above the cutting plane in plan view are drawn as dashed lines
Construction lines may be visible but must be distinctly lighter than finish lines

Presentation
- Compose required drawings and photograph into a neat, orderly and visually interesting presentation
- All drawings should be titled with name and graphic scale
- All lettering must use constructed guidelines
- All drawings must be securely mounted
- Layout should use tools for accurate and precise positioning of drawings and titles
- Presentations may use multiple panels but no panel may be larger than 24"x36"
- The following are always unacceptable
  - Visible tape or staples (these should probably never be used at all)
  - Poster board
  - Visible glue
  - Smudges
  - Uneven edges
  - Protruding points or sharp edges
  - Wordart, clipart or any other canned graphic element
  - Construction paper

Process
	Model Pieces : Draft in pencil using a light lead, 2H or 4H, each of the model pieces according to the attached patterns or sizes on to the material of your choice. Select a material that is suited to the object you are making. Study your patterns and determine how you will make connections when you assemble the objects Add any necessary tabs or other elements to allow for connections. Keep your connections as simple as possible but ensure that your objects are solid, structurally sound and dimensionally accurate Allow for the thickness of materials in your final model forms Use your metal ruler and x-acto knife to cut pieces. Curves will use the x-acto but be free hand. Make sure that you keep the knife perpendicular to the surface to ensure clean cuts Thick materials should be cut by making multiple shallow cuts rather than a single cut all the way through the material Change blades frequently, dull blades tear, sharp blades cut Score folded edges A score is a cut that does not cut the material it only cuts the surface. Scores should be made on the outside edge of the fold Assemble your objects. Glues take different amounts of time to dry and dry with different degrees of strength. White will give you the strongest connection but takes the longest to dry, glue sticks are the opposite and rubber cement is in the middle. You can use small pieces of tape or straight pins to hold two pieces together while the glue sets A small amount of white glue is all that is necessary Model Pieces Case : Study your model pieces and determine what common dimensions as well as minimum and maximum dimensions will be critical in developing a case to carry all of them Generate a possible configuration Evaluate the design for usefulness and ease of construction Repeat steps 2-4 until you are satisfied with your design. Effective design requires generating multiple solutions and choosing the best or the best elements of each Review the materials you have used in this assignment and decide which are best suited to each part of your case Develop a pattern for your case Draft the pattern for your case Fabricate the case Still Life Composition : Each group will need to prepare one gridded, base and one gridded wall. Use a full sheet of drawing paper, 24”x18” for each and carefully draft a 1” grid over the entire surface from edge to edge. These planes will be useful to document the final design As a group determine the placement of your objects on the grid (the composition must be contained within the limits of the 2 planes). Your composition must use at least one of each shape and between 12-15 objects. Rotate some of the objects, but in no more than 1 plane per object. For instance it may be angled to the ground but it should be parallel to an edge. Study the composition form all positions, to be sure it is equally successful on all sides Use a light at the conventional 45°/45° angle to generate shadows and shaded surfaces. Determine which corner allows the light to clarify and enhance the composition Strategize the easiest way to record your design. The record must be sufficiently precise to allow students to work at home on the assignment and to allow the group to recreate the composition in class Drawings : Study the composition and draw a contour drawing. Carefully analyze positions of corners, edges and slopes of lines to generate an accurate and proportionally correct image Add the tonal shapes Prepare 2 additional drawings of the same view using different media to delineate light and dark. The first image will be drawn with white pencil on black paper. The tone will be used to show the areas of light while the paper will show the areas of shadow. The second drawing will use ink and any appropriate technique for generate tone Using your composition and your record of it draft a set of orthographic drawings. You will include a plan view, 2 elevations and a section. Determine individually the most descriptive drawings to use. Drawings will be at ½ of full size. These drawings will be laid out in pencil and completed with drafted ink lines tracing over the pencil lines. Use different lineweights to describe cut edges, corners and curved edges. The cut surfaces should be drawn with an accurate thickness Draft a plan oblique view of your composition on vellum. The finished drawing should be drafted ink lines Using your composition, tonal study and the rules of shadows add shadow and shade to your axonometric

Objectives

Upon completion of this assignment students will be able to:

To be able to precisely draft horizontal, vertical and curved lines using appropriate drafting tools in both ink and pencil
To be able to visualize 2-d images as 3-d objects
To be able to select appropriate model materials for different types of shapes
To be able to identify and analyze a variety of connection systems for model pieces
To be able to an x-acto knife and straightedge to make cuts and scores in a variety of model building materials
To be able to assemble clean and sturdy model figures
To be able to analyze a design problem
To be able to generate alternate solutions to a design problem
To be able to analyze different solutions to determine the most effective option.
To be able to work collaboratively to create an interesting composition
To understand the role of light, shade and shadow in visual understanding
To be able to create a composition that employs light, shade and shadow so that the objects are clearly understood.
To be able to record ideas graphically with appropriate detail and precision
To be able to view an object and draw it correctly in terms of size, shape and proportion.
To be able to view an object and draw correct tonal values
To be able to accurately draft orthographic views of a geometrically complex composition
To be able to draw an accurate plan oblique view of a complex composition
To be able to add shade and shadow to the plan oblique view based on observation

Design Goals
	Designs should employ tonal values and form to enhance the original compositions Tonal values should be used to establish a consistent, believable 3-dimensional spatial environment The design should exhibit depth and movement Designs should use a variety of both flat and curved surfaces

Problem
	To build a set of model pieces, and a carrying case for them, arrange them in a composition, and record the composition in a variety of 2-d and 3-d drawing types.

Introduction

The first step to drawing is seeing and the first skill to be developed is the ability to see precisely and analytically. In the orthographic drawings and contour drawing assignments you studied your object and then drew it according to the orthographic system of drawings or visualization and imagination. You will continue to develop your drawing and drafting skills in this assignment. You will add the component of tone to your graphic palette. It is only through shadows that we are able to see curved forms.

The still life in this assignment will be an assemblage of simple geometric forms that you and your classmates will construct as the first part of the exercise.

This assignment will introduce you to drafting with tools for precision. You will work in both pencil and ink. In this case the precision of your drafting will affect the finished quality of your model pieces as well as the drafted orthographic views of your still life.

The objects will be built out of a variety of materials. Part of your process will be evaluating each of your model materials for their appropriateness for different types of forms. Some materials are rigid while others are flexible. Which are best suited for curved forms or forms with flat surfaces? Straight cuts can be made with a metal ruler while curves will be cut free-hand, which materials are easiest to cut? Thicker materials have larger surfaces for edge connections; thinner materials may require tabs for gluing.

You will also design and fabricate a case to carry your model pieces. Good design requires first a clear identification of the problem. You need a container for specific pieces that is easily transported. What are your options? A good designer is able to generate many alternative solutions to a given problem. Try to stretch your imagination. What are the fundamental issues of the problem? How must the pieces be carried in a way that will protect them from damage and be easy to use?

You will also work collaboratively with a small group and explore graphic notation techniques to record your group’s ideas and decisions.

This assignment also introduces you to a fundamental skill of the architect, the ability to translate 2 dimensional images mentally into 3 dimensional objects.