HTML, XHTML & CSS Rubric for CIS 1310 and CIS 2320 DOCTYPES The "html" element requires a DOCTYPE (document type declaration). Recognized DOCTYPEs are: ｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷｷ When checking to see if a DOCTYPE is recognized, a case sensitive compare is made. GENERAL ｷ For XHTML documents, the "html" element requires an XML declaration. ｷ The "address", "blockquote", "center", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "form", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "hr", "isindex", "menu", "noframes", "noscript", "ol", "p", "pre", "table", or "ul" elements should not be contained within an inline element. ｷ The "abbr", "acronym", "b", "big", "cite", "code", "dfn", "em", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "i", "kbd", "q", "s", "samp", "small", "strike", "strong", "sub", "sup", "tt", "u", "var" elements should not be contained within another element of the same type. ｷ The "head" section should have a "title" element. ｷ An HTML document requires a "head" section. ｷ Improper use of "ul" or "ol" elements. For example, when used without using any "li" elements or when it contains text that is not in an "li" element. ｷ The "name" attribute value must begin with a letter (A-Z or a-z) and consist of the following characters: (A-Z), (a-z), (0-9), hyphens (-), underscores (_), colons (:), and periods (.). ｷ The "meta" element is missing. ｷ Element not closed. ｷ Special character missing ending semicolon. ｷ Missing closing ">" for element. ｷ Element used as an attribute instead of an element. ｷ Extraneous closed element. ｷ Content cannot exist outside of . ｷ Use & instead of &. ｷ Numeric attribute value should not indicate measurement. ｷ Numeric property value should indicate measurement (i.e., 15em, 15px, 15pt, etc.). ｷ Need a space before "/>". DEPRECATION ｷ The "applet" element is deprecated in favor of the "object" element. ｷ The "basefont", "center", "font", "s", "strike", and/or "u" elements are deprecated. ｷ The "align" attribute that can have a value of "left", "center", "right", or "justify" is deprecated. ｷ The "align" attribute used with the "caption" element is deprecated. ｷ The "align", "noshade", "size", and/or "width" attributes used with the "hr" element is deprecated. ｷ The "align" attribute used with the "legend" element is deprecated. ｷ The "align" and/or "bgcolor" attribute used with the "table" element is deprecated. ｷ The "background", "text", "link", "vlink", and/or "alink" attributes used with the "body" element are deprecated. ｷ The "clear" attribute that can have a value of "all", "left", "none", or "right" is deprecated. ｷ The "compact", "start", and/or "type" attributes used with the "ol" element are deprecated. ｷ The "compact" and/or "type" attributes used with the "ul" element are deprecated. ｷ The "language" attribute used with the "script" element when the "type" attribute is not used is deprecated. ｷ The "name" attribute used with the "a", "applet", "form", "frame", "iframe", "img", or "map" elements in an XHTML 1.0 document without the "id" attribute is deprecated. ｷ The "type", and/or "value" attributes used with the "li" element are deprecated. ｷ The "height" and/or "width" attribute used with the "td" or "th" element is deprecated. ｷ The "bgcolor" attribute used with the "td" or "th" element is deprecated. ｷ The "nowrap" attribute used with the "td" or "th" element is deprecated. ｷ The "bgcolor" attribute used with the "tr" element is deprecated. XHTML 1.1 ｷ All elements and attributes must be in lowercase. ｷ All attributes must have values. ｷ Attributes values must be enclosed in quotes. ｷ Non-XHTML 1.1 elements: "applet", "basefont", "bgsound", "blink", "center", "comment", "dir", "embed", "font", "frame", "frameset", "iframe", "ilayer", "isindex", "keygen", "layer", "listing", "marquee", "menu", "multicol", "nextid", "nobr", "noembed", "noframes", "nolayer", "plaintext", "s", "server", "sound", "spacer", "strike", "u", "wbr", "window", "wml", "xmp". ｷ Non-XHTML 1.1 attributes: ｷ "name" used with the "a", "applet", "form", "frame", "iframe", "img", and "map" elements. ｷ "target" used with the "a", "area", "base", "form", or "link" elements. ｷ "align", "alink", "background", "bgproperties", "credit", "height", "leftmargin", "marginheight", "marginwidth", "nowrap", "instructions", "link", "logo", "scroll", "text", "topmargin", "vlink", "width" used with the "body" element ｷ "align" or "valign" used with the "caption" element. ｷ "compact" used with the "dl" element. ｷ "align", "color", "noshade", "size", or "width" used with the "hr" element. ｷ "scroll" used with the "html" element. ｷ "border" used with the "img" element. ｷ "align" used with the "legend" element. ｷ "type", "value" used with the "li" element. ｷ "compact", "start", or "type" used with the "ol" element. ｷ "width" used with the "pre" element. ｷ "align", "bgcolor", "bordercolor", "bordercolorlight", "bordercolordark", "height", "hspace", or "vspace" used with the "table" element. ｷ "background", "bgcolor", "bordercolor", "bordercolorlight", "bordercolordark", "height", "nowrap", or "width" used with the "td" or "th" elements. ｷ "background", "bgcolor", "bordercolor", "bordercolorlight", or "bordercolordark" used with the "tr" element. ｷ "compact" or "type" used with the "ul" element. ｷ Certain block-level elements should not be used within certain other block-level elements, like using "h2" or "ul" in a heading element. ｷ Block-level elements like "table" or "h1" should not be used within a "p" element. ｷ Certain elements cannot be a child of blockquote, body, or form: "abbr", "acronym", "b", "br", "button", "cite", "em", "i", "img", "input", "label", "map", "object", "select", "span", "strong", "sub", "sup", "textarea". GENERAL COMPATIBILITY ｷ The "blink" element is not an official HTML or XHTML element though it is supported by some browsers. Using this element may reduce accessibility. ｷ The "marquee" element is not an official HTML or XHTML element but is supported by most modern browsers. Using this element may reduce accessibility. ｷ The "marginheight" or "marginwidth" attribute used with the "body" element is Netscape and Opera specific. ｷ The "embed" element is not supported by HTML 4.0; use the "object" element instead. ｷ If the "input", "select", and/or "textarea" element is used, it may not be displayed by some browsers if it is not in a form. ｷ The "height" attribute used with the "table" element is not an HTML 4.01 attribute and is not well supported. ｷ The "background" attribute used with "td" or "th" is not an official HTML or XHTML attribute, though it is supported by some browsers. ｷ The "wrap" attribute used with the "textarea" element is not an official HTML or XHTML attribute, though it is supported by some browsers. ｷ The "height" attribute used with the "tr" element is not an HTML/XHTML attribute, though it is supported by some browsers. ｷ If "absbottom", "absmiddle", "textbottom", "textmiddle", or "texttop" is used as an attribute value, these values are not HTML 4.01 values and may not be supported by standards compliant browsers. STYLE ｷ The "height" and "width" attributes should be used with the "img" element. ｷ The "height" and "width" attributes should be used if the "input" element with type="image" is used. ｷ The "u" element should not be used, as underlining may confuse visitors because most browsers underline hyperlinks. ｷ Underlining should not be used, as underlining may confuse visitors because most browsers underline hyperlinks. SEARCH ENGINE ｷ The "meta" description tag should be used. ｷ The "meta" description tag should bebetween 100-200 characters. ｷ The document's "title" should be 5-15 words in length. ｷ The document has a missing title even though it contains the "title" element. ｷ The document's title is inappropriate (such as "Untitled", "Home Page ", "Title", etc.). ｷ The document's title begins with unnecessary text like "Welcome to" or "Home Page of". ｷ If alt text is required with the "img" or "area" elements. INTERNET EXPLORER SPECIFIC ｷ The "bgsound" element is Internet Explorer specific. ｷ The "bgproperties", "nowrap", and/or "scroll" attributes used with the "body" element are Internet Explorer specific. ｷ The "leftmargin" and/or "topmargin" attributes used with the "body" element, are Internet Explorer specific. ｷ The "valign" attribute used with the "caption" element is Internet Explorer specific. ｷ The "color" attribute used with the "hr" element is Internet Explorer specific. ｷ The "disabled" attribute used with the "style" element is Internet Explorer specific. ｷ The "bordercolor", "bordercolordark", and/or "bordercolorlight" attributes used with a "table", "td", "th", or "tr" element, are Internet Explorer specific. NETSCAPE SPECIFIC ｷ The "hspace" or "vspace" attribute used with the "table" element is Netscape specific. ｷ The "background" attribute used with the "tr" element is Netscape specific. NON-CODING ｷ Should not link to current page. ｷ Main nav bar missing. ｷ Main nav should link to pages, not named anchors. ｷ Main nav should vertically appear before named anchors. ｷ Main nav should appear above the fold. ｷ Main nav should not be at bottom of page. ｷ Main nav wording inconsistent with other pages. ｷ Main nav link text should not wrap. ｷ Should not mix main links and named anchors. ｷ Navigation from interior pages to interior pages missing. ｷ Inconsistent spacing/linking in nav bar. ｷ Image does not render. ｷ Text difficult to read on background. ｷ Orphan page. ｷ Headings should be in a larger typeface than subheads. ｷ Column width too narrow. ｷ Uneven columns. ｷ Content too close to cell edge. ｷ Inconsistent white space between sections. ｷ Inconsistent capitalization. ｷ Punctuation or spelling errors.